In the earlier chapter, the poet explains the greatness of the ascetics and in this chapter, he stresses the importance of the performance of good works like justice, hospitality liberality, and also what has been prescribed by the renounced persons. By praising the ascetics he motivates the people to follow the good virtues. Everybody cannot be ascetics and should not be also. But following the advice of them is a must.
மனிதன் தன் வாழ்க்கையில் நல்ல செயல்களை செய்ய வேண்டும் என்று கட்டாயப்படுத்துகிறார்
குறள் 31 சிறப்புஈனும் செல்வமும் ஈனும் அறத்தினூஉங்கு |
Transliteration |
sirappuīnum selvamum īnum aṛaththinūngu |
Meaning by words |
சிறப்புஈனும் ‐ புகழ் தரும்; gives popularity |
Meaning in Tamil |
அறத்தை விட உயர்ந்தது எதுவுமில்லை. |
Meaning in English |
Good deeds give popularity and even prosperity; hence what is better for humans more than good deeds. |
Explanation |
By following good virtues one gains popularity for sure. At first, they are praised for their good work and are popular. They even amass prosperity also. So nothing is more rewarding than good virtues. |
குறள் 32 அறத்தினூஉங்கு ஆக்கமும் இல்லை அதனை |
Transliteration |
aṛaththinūngu ākḳamum illai adhanai |
Meaning by words |
அறத்தினூஉங்கு – தர்மமான நல்ல காரியங்களை செய்வதை காட்டிலும்; Rather than doing good deeds |
Meaning in Tamil |
அறம் செய்யாவிட்டால் கேடு வரும் |
Meaning in English |
Forgetting good work will cause doom |
Explanation |
The poet emphasizes the importance of good works. Simply by saying do good works people might not follow. So he says by forgetting good works we will land in a problem. If situation is not cordial we might not be able to do good work but we should not forget it. Otherwise, we will lose the habit of doing good work and will be provoked to do the wrong things. |
குறள் 33 ஒல்லும் வகையான் அறவினை ஓவாதே |
Transliteration |
ollum vakaiyān aṛavinai ōvādhe |
Meaning by words |
ஒல்லும் வகையான் – உடலாலும் உள்ளத்தாலும் இயலுகின்ற திறத்தால் கூடிய மட்டிலும்; To the extent possible both physically and mentally |
Meaning in Tamil |
அறம் செய்யும் வழி |
Meaning in English |
To the extent possible both physically and mentally, we must practice virtuous work incesseantly whenever opportunity arises. |
Explanation |
Other than renounced persons, the persons who are leading family life have limitations. So the poet says to the extent possible, both physically and mentally, all must practice virtuous work. Virtuous work is not only the duty of renounced people, but all must practice within their limitations. |
குறள் 34 மனத்துக்கண் மாசிலன் ஆதல் அனைத்தறன் |
Transliteration |
ollum vakaiyān aṛavinai ōvādhe |
Meaning by words |
மனத்துக்கண் – (அறம் செய்வனது) மனத்தில்; mind |
Meaning in Tamil |
அறத்தின் இயல்பு |
Meaning in English |
The nature of virtue |
Explanation |
Good work without selfish interest is only righteousness. Rest are all just show off. When you give to the needy, we should not let left hand know what right hand is doing; that means we should do secretly not for publicity and ulterior motive to get something in back. |
குறள் 35 அழுக்காறு அவாவெகுளி இன்னாச்சொல் நான்கும் |
Transliteration |
aḻukkāṛu avā veguli innāchol nāngum |
Meaning by words |
அழுக்காறு – பிறரின் முன்னேற்றம் கண்டு பொறாமை; Jealousy over the progress of others |
Meaning in Tamil |
நான்கு குற்றங்கள் |
Meaning in English |
That conduct is virtue which is free from these four things, viz, malice, desire, anger and bitter speech. |
Explanation |
In the earlier verse the poet said that Good work done with a spotless mind is only termed as a virtue. In the verse he mentions the faults of the mind. It is the fault of the mind to be jealous of the progress of others and thus to cultivate desire in the mind and to get angry when it is not available and therefore lose the sweetness of words and say harsh words. It is virtuous to do without these faults of mind. |
குறள் 36 அன்றறிவாம் என்னாது அறஞ்செய்க மற்றது |
Transliteration |
andraŕivām ennādhu aŕanjcheyga maṭradhu |
Meaning by words |
அன்றறிவாம் – (மறைவதற்கு இன்னும் நிறைய காலம் இருக்கிறது) அப்போது பார்த்துக் கொள்ளலாம்; There is still a long time to go so good work can be taken care of later |
Meaning in Tamil |
அறத்தை இப்போதே செய்க |
Meaning in English |
Do not procrastinate doing good works thinking that there is plenty of time before the end of life. Because the good works will support the attainment of immortal bliss better rebirth. |
Explanation |
We should not procrastinate good works thinking we can do at a later stage when we grow old or after retirement. At the time of death bed it will give satisfaction that we have done some good work and it will help us to liberation or better rebirth |
குறள் 37 அறத்தாறு இதுவென வேண்டா சிவிகை |
Transliteration |
aṛaththāṛu ithuvena vēnda sivikai |
Meaning by words |
அறத்து – அறத்தினது; virtue's; |
Meaning in Tamil |
அறத்தை இப்போதே செய்க |
Meaning in English |
Do not procastinate doing good works thinking that there is plenty of time before the end of life. Because the good works will support the attainment of immortal bliss better rebirth. |
Explanation |
We should not procastinate good works thinking we can do at a later stage when we grow old or after retirement. At the time of death bed it will give satisfaction that we have done some good work and it will help us to liberation or better rebirth |
குறள் 38 வீழ்நாள் படாஅமை நன்றாற்றின் அஃதொருவன் |
Transliteration |
vīḻnāḷ padāmai nandrātrin agdhoruvan |
Meaning by words |
வீழ்நாள் – ;செய்யாது கழிகின்ற நாள் ; non-performing days; |
Meaning in Tamil |
அறத்தை இப்போதே செய்க |
Meaning in English |
If any one avoid non-performing days of doing good works, then this conduct with act as a stone to stop the condition of having to be born again. |
Explanation |
We should not procastinate good works thinking we can do at a later stage when we grow old or after retirement. At the time of death bed it will give satisfaction that we have done some good work and it will help us in liberation. |
குறள் 39 அறத்தான் வருவதே இன்பம் மற்றெல்லாம் |
Transliteration |
aṛaththān varuvadhē inbam maṭrethellām |
Meaning by words |
அறத்தான் – ; தர்மம் ஆகிய நற்செயல்களை செய்ததனால்; Doing good deeds of dharma; |
Meaning in Tamil |
அறம் செய்வாரே இம்மையில் இன்பமும் புகழும் எய்துவர் |
Meaning in English |
Good works performed yields pleasure; rest yields no pleasure and deserves no praise. |
Explanation |
What achieved by doing good works is the true bliss and while what achieved by other works gives momentary pleasure and earns bad name. One should thrive to do good works to get true happiness and fame will follow by itself |
குறள் 40 செயற்பால தோரும் அறனே ஒருவற்கு |
Transliteration |
seyaṛpāla thōrum aṛanē oruvaṛku |
Meaning by words |
ஒருவற்கு – ; ஒருவற்கு; For one; |
Meaning in Tamil |
செய்வதும் நீக்குவதும் என்ன என்பது |
Meaning in English |
Whatever is fit to be performed is virtue and whatever ought to be abandoned is vice. |
Explanation |
What is doable is virtue and what is not doable is ill-deed. We must always do virtue without procrastination because virtue brings salvation, nothing more is better than it, virtue gives happiness, and also it earns fame. |
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